Demystified: Chilombo chachikulu kwambiri chowuluka padziko lapansi - Quetzalcatlus.

Ponena za nyama yaikulu kwambiri imene inakhalapo padziko lapansi, aliyense amadziwa kuti ndi blue whale, koma nanga bwanji nyama yaikulu kwambiri yowuluka? Tangoganizani za cholengedwa chochititsa chidwi komanso chowopsa chomwe chikuyendayenda m'dambo zaka 70 miliyoni zapitazo, Pterosauria wamtali wamamita 4 wotchedwa Quetzalcatlus, yemwe ndi wa Banja la Azhdarchidae. Mapiko ake amatha kufika mamita 12 m’litali, ndipo ngakhale pakamwa pali mamita atatu. Imalemera theka la tani. Inde, Quetzalcatlus ndi nyama yaikulu kwambiri yowuluka padziko lapansi.

Dzina la mtundu waQuetzalcatlusamachokera ku Quetzalcoatl, Mulungu wa Njoka ya Nthenga mu chitukuko cha Aztec.

Quetzalcatlus analidi wamphamvu kwambiri panthawiyo. Kwenikweni, Tyrannosaurus Rex wachichepere analibe kutsutsa konse pamene adakumana ndi Quetzalcatlus. Ali ndi metabolism yachangu ndipo amafunika kudya pafupipafupi. Chifukwa chakuti thupi lake limayenda bwino, limafunikira mapuloteni ambiri kuti likhale ndi mphamvu. Tyrannosaurus rex yaying'ono yolemera makilogalamu 300 imatha kuonedwa ngati chakudya ndi iyo. Pterosauria imeneyi inalinso ndi mapiko aakulu, omwe anaipangitsa kukhala yoyenera kuuluka mtunda wautali.

Zakale zoyambirira za Quetzalcatlus zinapezedwa ku Big Bend National Park ku Texas mu 1971 ndi Douglas A. Lawson. Chitsanzochi chinali ndi phiko laling'ono (lomwe lili ndi chala chakutsogolo chokhala ndi chala chotalikirapo chachinayi), pomwe mapiko ake amafikira kupitirira 10 metres. Pterosauria inali nyama zoyamba kusintha mphamvu zamphamvu zowuluka pambuyo pa tizilombo. Quetzalcatlus anali ndi sternum yaikulu, yomwe ndi pamene minofu yothawira inamangiriridwa, yaikulu kwambiri kuposa minofu ya mbalame ndi mileme. Kotero palibe kukayikira kuti iwo ndi "aviator" abwino kwambiri.

Malire ochuluka a mapiko a Quetzalcatlus akadatsutsanabe, ndipo adayambitsanso mkangano pamlingo waukulu wa mapangidwe a zinyama.

Pali malingaliro osiyanasiyana pa moyo wa Quetzalcatlus. Chifukwa chokhala ndi minyewa yayitali ya pachibelekeropo komanso nsagwada zazitali zopanda mano, mwina inkasaka nsomba ngati nkhanu, zowonda ngati dokowe, kapenanso kanyama kamakono ka scissor-billed gull.

Quetzalcatlus imaganiziridwa kuti imanyamuka ndi mphamvu zake, koma ikakhala mlengalenga imatha nthawi yambiri ikuuluka.

Quetzalcatlus ankakhala kumapeto kwa nyengo ya Cretaceous, pafupifupi zaka 70 miliyoni zapitazo mpaka zaka 65.5 miliyoni zapitazo. Iwo adatha pamodzi ndi ma dinosaurs muzochitika za kutha kwa Cretaceous-Tertiary.

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