Kubadwanso kwachiwiri kwa dinosaur.

"Mphuno yamfumu?". Ndilo dzina loperekedwa kwa hadrosaur yomwe yapezeka posachedwa yokhala ndi dzina lasayansi la Rhinorex condrupus. Idasakatula zomera za Late Cretaceous pafupifupi zaka 75 miliyoni zapitazo.
Mosiyana ndi ma hadrosaur ena, Rhinorex inalibe mafupa kapena minofu pamutu pake. M'malo mwake, idasewera mphuno yayikulu. Komanso, sizinapezeke mkati mwa miyala yamwala ngati ma hadrosaurs ena koma ku Brigham Young University pa alumali m'chipinda chakumbuyo.

Kwa zaka zambiri, osaka zinyama za dinosaur ankagwira ntchito yawo ndi pick ndi fosholo ndipo nthawi zina dynamite. Ankaponya miyala yambiri m’chilimwe n’kuphulitsa miyala yambirimbiri kuti apeze mafupa. Malo opangira mayunivesite ndi malo osungiramo zinthu zakale achilengedwe odzaza ndi mafupa ochepa kapena athunthu a dinosaur. Komabe, mbali yaikulu ya zokwiriridwa zakalezi zimatsalira m'mabokosi ndi pulasitala zomwe zimatayidwa m'nkhokwe zosungiramo zinthu. Sanapatsidwe mwayi wokamba nkhani zawo.

Izi tsopano zasintha. Akatswiri ena ofufuza zinthu zakale amanena kuti sayansi ya dinosaur inayambiranso kuyambiranso. Zomwe akutanthauza ndikuti njira zatsopano zikutengedwa kuti mudziwe mozama za moyo ndi nthawi za ma dinosaur.

Imodzi mwa njira zatsopanozi ndikungoyang'ana zomwe zapezeka kale, monga momwe zinalili ndi Rhinorex.
M'zaka za m'ma 1990, zotsalira za Rhinorex zidayikidwa ku Brigham Young University. Panthawiyo, akatswiri ofufuza zinthu zakale ankangoganizira kwambiri za khungu limene limapezeka pa mafupa a thunthu la hadrosaur. Kenako, ofufuza awiri a postdoctoral adaganiza zoyang'ana chigaza cha dinosaur. Patatha zaka ziwiri, Rhinorex inapezeka. Akatswiri a mbiri yakale anali kumveketsa bwino ntchito yawo.
Rhinorex idakumbidwa kudera la Utah lotchedwa Neslen site. Akatswiri a miyala anali ndi chithunzi chowoneka bwino cha malo a Neslen wakale. Anali malo okhala m’mphepete mwa nyanja, m’chigwa chamadzi mmene madzi abwino ndi amchere ankasanganikirana pafupi ndi gombe la nyanja yakale. Koma kumtunda, makilomita 200 kutali, malowa anali osiyana kwambiri. Ma hadrosaur ena, amtundu wa crested, afukulidwa kumtunda. Chifukwa akatswiri a mbiri yakale sanayang'ane mafupa onse a Neslen, amaganiza kuti nawonso anali crested hadrosaur. Chifukwa cha malingaliro amenewo, adapeza kuti ma hadrosaur onse amatha kugwiritsa ntchito zida zamkati ndi ma nyanja mofanana. Sizinali mpaka akatswiri a mbiri yakale atafufuzanso kuti analidi Rhinorex.

Monga chidutswa cha chithunzi chomwe chikugwera m'malo, kuzindikira kuti Rhinorex inali mtundu watsopano wa moyo wa Late Cretaceous. Kupeza "Mphuno Yachifumu" kunawonetsa kuti mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma hadrosaur adasinthira ndikudzaza malo osiyanasiyana achilengedwe.
Mwa kungoyang’ana mosamalitsa zokwiriridwa pansi zakale m’nkhokwe zosungiramo fumbi, akatswiri ofufuza zinthu zakale akupeza nthambi zatsopano za mtengo wa moyo wa dinosaur.

——— Kuchokera kwa Dan Risch